Book Publication

Linebarger, Christopher, Amira Jadoon, Suzanne Weedon Levy, and Victor Asal.Killing Americans: Insurgent Motivations, Risk Factors, and Implications. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 9780197693780. Published online: December 1, 2025. In-print: February 4, 2026.

  • Link
  • Replication Files: Zip Archive

Journal Articles

Linebarger, Christopher and Alex Braithwaite. 2025. “The Domestic Political Correlates of Border Barrier Construction.” Oxford Intersections.

  • Link
  • Replication Files: Zip Archive

Merizalde, Juan and Christopher Linebarger. 2024. “Correlates of Radical Localism Across American Counties” Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict 17(2): 140-163.

Asal, Victor, Christopher Linebarger, and J. Michael Greig. 2023. “Counter-Insurgency Strategies and Transnational Attacks by Rebel Groups.” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 46(2): 2564–2597. DOI: 10.1080/1057610X.2021.1929051

Linebarger, Christopher and Andrew Enterline. 2023. “Forever Wars: Divided Government and the Termination of Interventions in Support of Civil War Governments.” British Journal of Politics and International Relations 25 (2): 328–347. DOI: 10.1177/13691481211070172

Asal, Victor, Christopher Linebarger, Amira Jadoon, and J. Michael Greig. 2023. “Why Some Rebel Organizations Attack Americans.” Defence and Peace Economics 32(6): 708–725. DOI: 10.1080/10242694.2021.1878320

Linebarger, Christopher and Alex Braithwaite. 2021. “Why Do Leaders Build Walls? Domestic Politics, Leader Survival, and the Fortification of Borders.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 66(4–5): 704-728. DOI: 10.1177/00220027211066615

Jones, Benjamin and Christopher Linebarger. 2021. “Playing the Ethnic Card: Diversion, Transborder Ethnic Ties, and Sponsorship of Rebel Movements.” Journal of Global Security Studies 6(4). DOI: 10.1093/jogss/ogaa056

Asal, Victor, Charmaine N. Willis, Christopher Linebarger, and Nakissa P. Jahanbani. 2021. “Teaching about Oppression and Rebellion: The `Peasants are Revolting’ Game” PS: Political Science & Politics. 54(2): 331–335. DOI: 10.1017/S1049096520001675

Linebarger, Christopher. 2021. “Preventive Medicine: Domestic Repression and Foreign Revolutionary States.” Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict 14(1): 3-24. DOI: 10.1080/17467586.2020.1821067

Linebarger, Christopher and Alex Braithwaite. 2020. “Do walls work?: The effectiveness of border barriers in containing the cross-border spread of violent militancy.” International Studies Quarterly. 64(3): 487–498. DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqaa035

Linebarger, Christopher and Idean Salehyan. 2020. “Electoral Integrity and Election-Related Conflict.” Democracy & Security. 16(3): 260–280. DOI: 10.1080/17419166.2020.1787158.

Linebarger, Christopher, Andrew Enterline, and Steven Liebel. “Curbing Enthusiasm? Democratic Third Parties & Commitment to Civil War Governments.” Democracy & Security. DOI: 10.1080/17419166.2019.1675262.

Linebarger, Christopher, Andrew Enterline, and Steven Liebel. 2020. “Shaken or Stirred? Terrorism & Third Party State Resolve in Civil War Interventions.” Conflict Management and Peace Science. 37(3). DOI: 10.1177/0738894217740874. Accepted October 2017.

Linebarger, Christopher, Angela Nichols, and Andrew Enterline. 2019. “Keeping Threat at Arm’s Length: Counter-Revolutionary Interventions by Third Party States in Support of Governments.” Dynamics of Asymmetric Conflict. 12(3): 223-241. DOI: 10.1080/17467586.2019.1622028

Linebarger, Christopher, Andrew Enterline, and Steven Liebel. 2018. “Only the Strong Negotiate? The Political Survival of Third Party State Leaders & Negotiations in Foreign Counter-Insurgency Wars,” Social Science Quarterly. 99(2): 744–761

Linebarger, Christopher. 2016. “Dangerous Lessons: Rebel Learning and Mobilization in the International System.” Journal of Peace Research 53(5): 633–647.

Linebarger, Christopher. 2015. “Civil War Diffusion and the Emergence of Militant Groups, 1960–2001.” International Interactions 43(3): 583–600.

Salehyan, Idean and Christopher Linebarger. 2015. “Elections and Social Conflict in Africa, 1990-2009.” Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID) 50(1): 23–49.

Eshbaugh-Soha, Matthew and Christopher Linebarger. 2014. “Presidential and Media Leadership of Public Opinion on Iraq.” Foreign Policy Analysis 10(4): 351–369.

Salehyan, Idean, Cullen Hendrix, Jesse Hamner, Christina Case, Christopher Linebarger, Emily Stull, and Jennifer Williams. 2012. “Social Conflict in Africa: A New Database.” International Interactions 38(4): 503–511.

Book Chapters and Other Publications

Linebarger, Christopher and Andrew Enterline. 2022. ``Third Party Intervention, Duration, and Civil War Outcomes.’’ What Do We Know About Civil War, Second Edition?, T. David Mason and Sara McLaughlin Mitchell (eds). New York: Rowman & Littlefield.

Braithwaite, Alex and Christopher Linebarger. June 30, 2020. ``Why A Wall (Still) Won’t Save Us.’’ Political Violence @ a Glance. Online: Link

Linebarger, Christopher and Andrew Enterline. 2016. ``Third Party Intervention, Duration, and Civil War Outcomes.’’ What Do We Know About Civil War?, T. David Mason and Sara McLaughlin Mitchell (eds). New York: Rowman & Littlefield.

Salehyan, Idean and Christopher Linebarger. February 2013. ``Elections and Social Conflict in Africa.’’ Climate Change and African Political Stability (CCAPS). Research Brief No. 6.

Breuning, Marijke and Christopher Linebarger. ``Foreign Aid.’’ 2012. In Handbook of American Foreign Policy, Christopher Jones and Steven Hook (eds). New York: Routledge.